Gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) is a chronic digestive disorder in which stomach acid frequently flows back (acid reflux) into the esophagus. This can cause irritation, discomfort, and damage to the esophageal lining. 
While occasional acid reflux is common, GERD occurs when symptoms happen more than twice a week or disrupt daily life. Without proper treatment, GERD can lead to serious complications such as esophagitis, Barrett’s esophagus, and even esophageal cancer. 

Understanding GERD: More Than Just Heartburn 

Many people experience heartburn, a burning sensation in the chest, after a heavy or spicy meal. But if this happens frequently, it may be a sign of GERD. The condition develops when the lower esophageal sphincter (LES) — the muscle that separates the stomach from the esophagus — weakens or relaxes at the wrong time, allowing stomach acid to flow back into the esophagus.

Common Causes and Risk Factors of GERD 

GERD can be triggered or worsened by: 

• Hiatal hernia 
• Obesity or sudden weight gain 
• Pregnancy 
• Smoking or alcohol consumption 
• Eating large meals or lying down soon after eating 
• Fatty, spicy, or acidic foods 
• Certain medications (NSAIDs, sedatives, calcium channel blockers) GERD Symptoms: 
• Heartburn – burning sensation in the chest, especially after meals or at night
• Regurgitation – sour liquid or food backing up into the throat
• Chest or upper abdominal pain 
• Difficulty swallowing (dysphagia) 
• Sensation of a lump in the throat 
• Chronic cough 
• Hoarseness or laryngitis 
• Worsening asthma symptoms 

When to See a Doctor 

Seek medical care if you: 

• Have frequent or severe GERD symptoms 
• Rely on over-the-counter heartburn medication more than twice a week
• Experience chest pain along with shortness of breath or jaw/arm pain (possible heart attack sign) 

Complications of Untreated GERD 

If ignored, GERD can cause: 

• Esophagitis – inflammation of the esophagus 
• Esophageal stricture – narrowing due to scar tissue 
• Barrett’s esophagus – precancerous changes to the esophageal lining
• Respiratory problems such as asthma or recurrent pneumonia

Diagnosis of GERD at St. Luke’s Medical Center 

Our gastroenterology specialists may recommend: 

• Upper endoscopy – visual inspection and tissue sampling 
• Esophageal pH monitoring – measures acid exposure over time
• Esophageal manometry – evaluates muscle function 
• Barium swallow (esophagram) – X-ray study of the esophagus GERD Treatment Options 
• Eat smaller, more frequent meals 
• Avoid trigger foods (spicy, fatty, coffee, chocolate, alcohol) 
• Maintain a healthy weight 
• Quit smoking 
• Stay upright for at least 2–3 hours after eating 
• Elevate the head of your bed 
• Medications that control acid secretion 
• Prokinetics 

If symptoms persist despite medication and lifestyle changes, St. Luke’s offers: 

• Nissen fundoplication – reinforces the LES by wrapping the top of the stomach around it 
• LINX device – magnetic ring that supports LES closure while allowing food passage 

Why Choose St. Luke’s for GERD Care?

As a premier hospital in the Philippines, St. Luke’s Medical Center offers comprehensive diagnostic tests, advanced treatment options, and expert gastroenterologists who can help patients manage GERD effectively. With state-of-the-art facilities and personalized care, we ensure every patient gets the right treatment plan to protect their digestive health. 

Our multidisciplinary gastroenterology team offers: 

• Accurate, comprehensive diagnostics 
• Personalized treatment plans 
• Access to advanced surgical techniques 
• World-class facilities and patient-focused care 

Take the First Step Towards Relief

If you suspect you have GERD, early diagnosis and treatment are key to preventing complications. 

Request an appointment with a St. Luke’s gastroenterologist today and take control of your digestive health. 

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